Values and Safeguarding of Wale Wangko as Minahasan Intangible Cultural Heritage

Abstract

Shifting housing patterns and the evolution of the wooden house industry present challenges for the preservation of the Wale Wangko, particularly regarding the safeguarding of cultural values and the continuity of traditional knowledge among the Minahasa people. This study aims to analyze the cultural values embodied in the Wale Wangko and to formulate a direction for its preservation as intangible cultural heritage. A qualitative approach utilizing a cultural case study design was employed. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with purposively selected informants, and a review of relevant documents and literature. Analysis involved data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, with validity verified through source and technique triangulation. The findings reveal that the Wale Wangko embodies values of togetherness, mutual cooperation gotong royong, openness, cultural identity, and environmental adaptation—values reflected in its spatial layout, construction practices, and usage. Knowledge regarding timber selection, joinery, measurement, and assembly constitutes a crucial element sustaining this tradition. Changes in the house's form and function, alongside developments in wooden house production, demonstrate the tradition's adaptation to societal needs. Preservation challenges include the dwindling number of existing historic structures, the need for generational renewal among craftsmen, and the sustainability of timber resources. The study concludes that preserving the Wale Wangko requires integrating the protection of historically significant buildings with the transmission of knowledge, skills, and cultural values. Consequently, preservation efforts should focus on documentation, cultural education, carpentry apprenticeships, community engagement, and responsible timber management.